Wednesday, June 21, 2017

How to tell the time in Spanish, Lesson 1

Hola! And Welcome to Your Daily Pinch of Spanish. Today we'll take a look at the clock, and learn how to say the hours and different times of day. This is the first lesson on the subject of time.
First of all, the word for clock in Spanish:
Reloj (Reh-lohh) - clock; watch
Now, I'll teach you how to say the different parts of day and night. As always, I've provided a pronunciation guide in parenthesis. For more on how to pronounce Spanish, click here. (*Sorry, this link isn't working for the time being, while I rebuild my blog here.)
La mañana (lah mah-ñah-nah) The morning
El mediodía (ehl-meh-dee-oh-dee-ah) Midday; noon
La tarde (lah tar-deh) The afternoon
La noche (lah-noh-cheh) The night
La medianoche (lah meh-dee-ah-noh-cheh) Midnight
La madrugada (lah mah-droo-gah-dah) Dawn; sunrise
Next, to tell the time, here's how you say it: La (hour) de (time of day).
For every hour you have to say 'las' before, with the exception of one (1) in the clock, midday, and midnight; for these, it's 'la', since they're singular. 'Las' is the plural form of 'la'.
Let's take a good look on how to say it for every time of day, so that you can understand better:
To understand this part of the lesson, you should know how to say the numbers in Spanish. If you haven't read the lessons on numbers, I have five lessons for you here: Lesson 1Lesson 2Lesson 3Lesson 4, and Lesson 5 (*Update: Sorry, my links are not working for now
To say the hours of morning, simply add 'de la mañana' to the hour. The little word 'de' indicates possession, therefore, this translates to 'of the morning'.
Las ocho de la mañana - eight in the morning
Las seis de la mañana - six in the morning
To say 'It's ___ in the morning', include the word 'Son':
Son las siete de la mañana - It's seven in the morning.
For one (1) in the morning it's a little different, since one is singular:
Es la una de la mañana - It's one in the morning.
The word 'es' is the singular form of 'Son', which is plural. They are forms of the verb 'ser', the verb 'to be'.
For midday, simply say 'el mediodía:
You can also say it like this:
Es mediodía - (It's midday) (Midday also uses 'es', since it's a singular word)
Es el mediodía - It's (the) midday
Son las doce del día - It's midday (literally: It's twelve in the day) (In this case you use 'son' because you're adding the number twelve)
As you can see, for this hour, instead of 'de' you say 'del'; the meaning it's the same; 'del' is a variation of 'de', a contraction of 'de el' and it's used instead of saying 'de el', which is incorrect.
For the afternoon, simply add 'de la tarde':
La una de la tarde - one in the afternoon
Es la una de la tarde - It's one in the afternoon
Las dos de la tarde - two in the afternoon
Son las dos de la tarde - It's two in the afternoon
Las cinco de la tarde - Five in the afternoon
Son las cinco de la tarde - It's five in the afternoon
For the night, just add 'de la noche':
Las nueve de la noche - Nine in the night
Son las nueve de la noche - It's nine in the night
Las diez de la noche - Ten in the night
Son las diez de la noche - It's ten in the night
For midnight, it's just like midday. Simply say 'La medianoche', or one of the following:
Es medianoche - It's midnight
Es la medianoche - It's (the) midnight
Son las doce de la noche - It's twelve in the night
Finally, la madrugada. It's a way to refer to the hours after midnight until dawn. Basically the hours from one in the morning until four in the morning. Sometimes I've heard it up until six in the morning. To use it, simply add 'de la madrugada', to the hour:
La una de la madrugada - One on the morning
Las tres de la madrugada - Three in the morning
Son las cuatro de la madrugada - it's four in the morning
You can use both madrugada and mañana for these hours.

Of course, there is more to say regarding the hours, but this is it for today! There's already a lot of information here, and my goal with this Blog is too keep things simple. I will make a follow up lesson, where I'll teach you how to ask for the time, and some other details about the time in Spanish.
I hope you found this lesson useful and easy to understand. If you have any doubt, don't hesitate in contacting me on my Twitter page or my Facebook page. You can also ask me in the comments, if you like.

Until next time!

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